Module 3 The Violence of Nature-Grammar

Period 2 Grammar—The past perfect passive and Indirect speech

■Goals

●To learn about the past perfect passive and indirect speech

■Procedures

Step 1: Learning about the past perfect passive

Step 2: Making sentences with the past perfect passive

1.     A rotating column of air from a thunderstorm to the ground had been discovered before the fireman arrived.

2.     The most violent tornado had been observed then.

3.     The wallet had been picked up and handed in before the owner found it missing.

4.     By the time the fire engines arrived the fire had been put down.

5.     By the time he returned home the house had been destroyed.

6.     The map had been left inside exactly where it was when we came into the room.

7.     The east coast of the US had been affected greatly before the rescue arrived.

8.     The city had been hit three times by the earthquake before the people moved out of it.

9.     The man had been buried for five days when he was located.

10.  He had been killed before we found him in the room.

Step 3: Learning about indirect speech

When using indirect or reported speech, the form changes. Usually indirect speech is introduced by the verb said, as in I said, Bill said, or they said.