九年级unit 1 topic 3 教学辅导
作者:张锋 来源:本站原创 更新时间:2006-11-03 点击数:838
Unit 1 The Developing World
Topic 3 The world has changed for the better.
教学引言
本单元围绕当今世界共同存在的一些社会问题,如:犯罪、战争、贫穷等,展开讨论,让学生了解我们的幸福生活来之不易,要学会珍惜,并培养学生的爱心,同情和帮助那些需要帮助的人。本话题的主要语法项目有:直接引语和间接引语,两种构词法。
中考要求
重难点词汇: provide, stair, fair, excite, skill, drug, succeed, purpose, mention, war, social
语法: 1. 直接引语与间接引语的运用。
2 .构词法。
日常交际用语:
That sounds great!
You have been in New York for a long time.
How do you like living there?
It’s great!
I really love it!
But I also heard the streets were dirty. They used to be, but the city has improved a lot.
要点聚焦 ---- 本单元重点扫描
课堂小贴 1:Martin says there is an interesting article. It is about a program that helps homeless people. 马丁说有一篇关于帮助无家可归的人们的项目的有趣文章。
【讲解】
Homeless, adj. 无家可归的, home 是其名词形式。
【知识点拓展】
英语中的构词是有一定的规律和技巧的。主要有四种构词法:合成法,派生法,转换法和省略法。
1 .合成法:由两个或两个以上的词构成新词,构词成分间可用连字符或不用连字符。如:
Motherland 祖国 basketball filmmaker hometown
Policeman grandson housewife fireplace
2. 派生法:指在各类词前加前缀或在其后加后缀。常用的前缀有 dis-,re-, un-,im-;
如: disobey, rewrite, unfair, unhappy, impolite, dislike.
常用后缀有 -er, -ful, -less, -ing, -able, -tion, -ness, -y,-ly, -ment.
课堂小贴 2 “what are you reading, Jane?” Maria asked. 玛丽亚问,“简你在看什么?”
Maria asked Jane what she was reading. 玛丽亚问简在看什么?
【讲解】
第一句是直接引语,第二句是间接引语;直接引语就是直接引用别人的原话,间接引语就是引用别人所说话的大意。直接引语和间接引语可以相互转换,但这种转化要遵循一定的原则。具体来说就是要注意转化时引导词的变化、人称代词的变化、指示代词的变化、时间状语和地点状语的变化、语序的变化和时态的变化。
课堂小贴 3 Well, once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to help them.
一旦他们发现有人需要帮助,就决定采用适当的方式来帮助他们。
【讲解】
once 引导时间状语从句,意为 “ 一旦 …… 就 …..” 。
decide….on sth. 决定,选定 ….., decide(not) to do sth. 决定做(不做)某事。如 :
After the meeting, they decided on the best way to solve the problem.
会议后,他们选定了解决问题的最佳途径。
As there was no time left, they decided to start at once. 因为没有时间了,他们决定立刻动身。
课堂小贴 4 The government provides homeless people with nice homes. It trains them so that they can find jobs again. 政府向无家可归的人们提供舒适的住处,并且培训他们以便他们能再次找到工作。
【讲解】
1. provide sb. With sth.= provide sth. For sb. 提供给某人某物。
2. so….that….. 如此 ….. 以致 …… 表示结果和程度, so 是副词,后跟形容词或副词原级 , that 是连词,引导从句。如:
David did so well in the exam that his teacher praised him. 大卫这次考试很出色,他的老师表扬了他。
He was so angry that he could not speak. 他气得都不出话了。
【知识点拓展】
So that 以便,以致。如:
They get up early so that they go to school on time. 他们起床这么早以便于能按时去上学。
So…that 引导的结果、程度状语从句中 that 后若是否定意义的句子,可以用 too….to 来改成简单句。如:
The boy is so young that he can’t look after himself.
=The boy is too young to look after himself.
这个男孩太小,不能照顾自已。
课堂小贴 5 How do you like living there? 你觉得住在那儿怎么样?
【讲解】
这句话相当于 what do think of living there?
课堂小贴 6 oh, you will get used to it. 哦,你会习惯的。
【讲解】
Get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于做某事;可用于现在、过去、将来的多种时态, get 可用于 be/ become 等来代替。如:
He will be used to getting up early. 他将会习惯于早起。
【知识点拓展】
(1) used to do sth. 过去总做某事(现在不做了);只用于多种时态。如:
He used to be a quiet boy.
他过去是个不太说话的男孩。
(2) be used to do sth. 被用于做某事;不定式表示目的,可用于多种时态。如:
Pen is used to write letters. 钢笔是用来写信的。
课堂小贴 7 What can be done to help homeless people? 做些什么能帮助无家可归的人们呢?
【讲解】
Can be done 是含有情态动词的被动句结构。
课堂小贴 8 It is famous because it been so successful in helping homeless people return to normal lives. 它很出名是因为它已经成功地帮助无家可归的人重新过上正常的生活。
【讲解】
Be successful in doing sth. 成功做成某事。如:
They were successful in passing the bridge. 他们成功地过了那座桥。
课堂小贴 9 It has raised a lot of money from people at home and abroad. 它已经向国内外的人们筹集了许多资金。
【讲解】
(1) raise , 征收,招募,筹集。如:
Raise an army 招兵
Raise money 募捐
(2) raise 举起,抬起。如:
Raise one’s hand 举手。
(3) at home and abroad 在国内外。如:
Many people at home and abroad raised money for Project Hope.
国内外的许多人为希望工程募捐了。
课堂小贴 10 The money is used for children’s education in poor areas.
这些钱用于贫困地区基础教育。
【讲解】
Be used for (doing) sth. 用于做某事。如:
A knife is used for cutting things. 小刀用来切来东西。
课堂小贴 11 In the past sixteen years, Project Hope has raised about 3 billion yuan. It has paid for the education of 2.5 million poor students and sent 2.3 million students to high schools. 在过去的十六年里,希望工程已经筹集大约 30 亿资金,并且已经为 250 万贫困学生支付了教育经费,有 230 万学生因此顺利进入高中就读。
【讲解】
In the past sixteen years 是介词短语作时间状语,意为“在过去的十六年里”,通常与现在完成时连用。如:
They have made many mistakes in the past five months. 在过去的五个月里他们犯了许多错误。
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